Mastering Em- and En-Dashes on iOS 11: A Comprehensive Guide
Introduction
Apple has made significant improvements to the iPhone keyboard in iOS 11, enhancing its overall functionality and user experience. However, many users might not be aware of the various dash types—em-dashes and en-dashes—and how to easily insert them using the keyboard. This guide will walk you through the process of using these dashes on an iPhone, iPad, and other Apple devices.
Understanding Em- and En-Dashes
Before diving into the process of inserting these dashes on your iOS device, it's important to understand what they are and when to use them. Em-dashes are not as commonly used as en-dashes, but both can significantly enhance the visual and readability aspects of your text.
Em-Dashes
Em-dashes are the longer of the two types, measuring the width of an 'm' in the typeface. They are often used in pairs to set off a list or to introduce an interruptive element within a sentence. For example, “John was late—he forgot his keys.”
En-Dashes
En-dashes are shorter than em-dashes, measuring the width of an 'n' in the typeface. They are used to denote a range of numbers, dates, or times. For example, “Pages 20–25” or “2018–2022.”
Inserting Em- and En-Dashes on iOS Devices
Inserting em- and en-dashes on iOS devices is relatively straightforward, thanks to the redesigned default keyboard in iOS 11. Follow these steps to easily insert these dashes:
Accessing the Keyboard Menu for Dashes
1. **Switch to the Numbers and Symbols Keyboard**: Long-press the '123' button at the bottom left of the default keyboard.
2. **Scroll Down to Find Dashes**: You should see a menu displaying a variety of special characters, including em-dashes, en-dashes, and other useful symbols. The em-dashes will appear first, followed by the en-dashes.
Using 3D Touch (Optional)
If your iPhone supports 3D Touch, you can quickly access these special characters by pressing the '123' button harder. This will bring up a larger set of symbols including em-dashes, en-dashes, and more.
Visual Confirmation and Deletion
Once you select a dash, simply release your finger to insert it into your text. If you decide you don't want to insert it, you can easily delete it by tapping the backspace button.
Alternative Methods
For users of different iOS devices, if the above method doesn't seem to work, here are a couple of alternative methods to consider:
Using Character Viewer (For iPad Users)
1. **Open Character Viewer**: On an iPad, tap and hold the text field where you want to insert the dash. This will open the Character Viewer.
2. **Search for Dashes**: In the Character Viewer, search for 'dash' or look for the 'm' or 'n' dash symbols.
3. **Insert the Desired Dash**: Once you find the dash you want, simply tap it to insert it into your text.
Custom Keyboard with Special Characters
Users who frequently need to insert em- and en-dashes may consider downloading a custom keyboard app that includes these symbols. These apps are readily available in the App Store and often feature a wide variety of special characters, including em- and en-dashes.
Conclusion
Mastery of em- and en-dashes can greatly improve the quality and readability of your texts. With the easy-to-use methods provided by iOS 11, inserting these dashes has never been simpler. Whether you're composing an article, a tweet, or any form of written communication, understanding how to properly use em- and en-dashes will enhance your overall text.