Why Can't Newspapers Go in Compost Bins?

Newspapers have historically faced challenges when it comes to composting, but the landscape of newspaper production is evolving. Understanding the specifics can help you decide whether your old newspapers are suitable for the compost bin.

The Challenges with Newspaper in Compost

There are several reasons why newspapers are often discouraged from being added to compost bins:

Ink and Chemicals: Traditional newspapers are printed using ink that may contain harmful chemicals or heavy metals. These can leach into the compost and potentially harm plants or soil health. However, many modern newspapers now use soy-based or vegetable-based inks, which are safer for composting. Glossy Paper: Newspapers with glossy finishes, like advertisements, often contain plastic or other materials that do not break down in compost. These materials can contaminate the compost pile. Glossy inserts use an aqueous water-based coating that prevents water retention, making it difficult for the coating to break down in the composting process. Slow Decomposition: Paper, while compostable, takes longer to break down than other compostable materials. Adding too much paper can slow down the overall composting process. Carbon/Nitrogen Balance: Composting requires a balance of carbon-rich (browns) and nitrogen-rich (greens) materials. Too much carbon-rich paper can disrupt this balance, creating a compost environment that is not ideal.

Safeguarding Your Compost: Tips for Newspaper Use

If you do decide to compost newspapers, there are a few steps you can take to ensure they break down properly and do not disrupt your compost pile:

Tear into Small Pieces: Tearing the newspaper into small pieces increases its surface area, which can help it decompose faster. Mix with Other Materials: Combining newspapers with other compostable materials, such as yard waste and kitchen scraps, can help maintain a healthy carbon-to-nitrogen ratio. Observe Plant Health: Monitor the plants around your compost pile to ensure that using newspapers does not negatively impact their growth.

Attending the Local Science Fair

During a visit to a local science fair, I observed a display on making seedling pots from newspapers. The presenter mentioned that only The New York Times should be used for composting, as other newspapers may not be safe. This underscores the importance of considering the specific type of ink used and the overall paper composition.

I personally compost kitchen and yard waste, but I put newspapers in the recycling bin. Different newspapers use various types of ink, and some may contain harmful chemicals that are not safe for composting. Modern newspapers often use carbon black, iron oxide, or vegetable-based inks, which are generally safer. However, some newspapers still use mineral oil-based inks, which can slow down the composting process and may retain too much moisture when used as mulch.

Modern Considerations for Newspaper Ink

The ink used in modern newspapers typically includes carbon black and iron oxide, but some newspapers may still use mineral oil-based inks. Soy-based inks, which are generally safe for composting, are also used, though they may still contain some mineral oil. The ink itself does not significantly impact compost safety, but the presence of plastic or uncoated glossy inserts can slow down the decomposition process.

Geographically, newspapers comply with different laws and use different inks. Most newspapers are now using safer inks, but it is always a good idea to check the specific newspaper type before you add it to your compost bin. In general, uncoated newspapers will compost, but coated papers often break down too slowly, and glossy inserts can interfere with the composting process due to their water-repellent coatings.

Conclusion

While it is generally possible to compost newspapers, doing so effectively requires attention to the type of ink used and the overall paper composition. By following best practices and using safe inks, you can ensure that your newspaper waste is a valuable addition to your compost pile, contributing to a healthier garden and a more sustainable environment.