The Evolution of Word Processing Software
Word processing software has revolutionized the way we create and edit written documents. From the early days of mainframes and minicomputers to the development of screen-oriented programs and dedicated word processors, the journey of word processing software is a fascinating one. This article explores the origins of word processing, focusing on key milestones and groundbreaking developments, particularly the significance of Wang 1200 and the pioneering efforts behind WordPerfect.
Early Innovations in Word Processing
The development of word processing software began in the age of mainframes and minicomputers. One of the earliest examples of a word processor was the Wang 1200. Developed in the mid-1970s, the Wang 1200 was a desk-sized computer that combined a keyboard, a light pen for cursor control, a video display, and a printer. Unlike modern word processors, it used the IBM Selectric typewriter as its primary input and output device, with a couple of tape drives for data storage. Although it was considered a dedicated word processor, it was more firmware than software and required specific hardware to operate. Despite these limitations, the Wang 1200 paved the way for more versatile word processing systems.
Electric Pencil: The First Word Processing Software for Personal Computers
In 1976, Michael Shrayer released Electric Pencil for the Mits Altair computer, which is widely regarded as the first personal computer. This software was the first word processing application for a general-purpose computer. Electric Pencil provided the basic functionality for creating and editing text, and it was ported to several other early personal computers like the SOL 20 and TRS-80. Eventually, a version was developed for MS-DOS, though it was not widely marketed as a version for the IBM PC. By the mid-1980s, Electric Pencil had become antiquated, and its last version was for MS-DOS 1. Some obsolete software sites claim to have copies of Electric Pencil available for download, but its last commercial release was in the 1980s.
WordProcessing with WordPerfect
The emergence of microcomputers or personal computers spurred the development of more advanced screen-oriented word processing programs. One such development was the work of Bruce Bastian and Dr. Alan Ashton at Brigham Young University in the early 1970s. During their studies, they developed a screen-oriented word processor for the Data General NOVA minicomputer. This software was well advanced by the time Bastian graduated in 1978, and he let his fellow student use it to write papers. The software eventually became known as WordPerfect and was first marketed on the Data General NOVA platform. When the IBM PC was introduced, Bastian and Ashton successfully ported the software to run on IBM PCs. WordPerfect went on to become one of the most popular word processing applications of the 1980s and 1990s, known for its robust features and ease of use.
Interestingly, Bruce Bastian can be credited as one of the first end-users of WordPerfect, a distinction that adds a personal touch to the software's history.
Conclusion
The history of word processing software is rich with innovation and pioneering efforts from numerous individuals and companies. From the Wang 1200 to Electric Pencil and finally to the groundbreaking efforts of WordPerfect, word processing technology has come a long way. These early software innovations laid the foundation for modern word processors we use today, transforming how we write and edit documents.