Understanding and Preventing Eye Strain When Switching Between Devices
In today’s digital age, the frequent transition between screens—especially between a smartphone and a computer—can lead to significant eye strain and discomfort. This article, authored by Ben Wilkinson FRCSC, explains what eye strain is, how it occurs, and how we can prevent it through simple yet effective measures.
What is Eye Strain?
Eye strain is a condition that refers to any discomfort around the eyes, typically associated with prolonged use of the eyes, especially when focusing on a task for an extended period. While it can manifest in various forms, such as dry eye syndrome, the term most commonly refers to muscle fatigue in the eye muscles.
Eye strain is often mistakenly associated with permanent damage to the eyes. However, Dr. Ben Wilkinson FRCSC clarifies that eye strain is merely a result of muscle fatigue, similar to how tired legs or a sore back are temporary discomforts.
Causes of Eye Strain When Transitioning Between Screens
When using electronic devices, such as smartphones or computers, the eyes are often required to focus at fixed distances for extended periods. This continuous use can fatigue the eye muscles, leading to discomfort and strain.
Car drivers who travel long distances take regular breaks to stretch and move, which can help with muscle fatigue. Similarly, prolonged use of electronic devices can cause similar strain. It is crucial to take periodic breaks to avoid eye strain and muscle fatigue.
The 20-20-20 Rule for Effective Breaks
Dr. Wilkinson suggests an effective strategy to mitigate eye strain: the 20-20-20 rule. This technique involves taking a break every 20 minutes to look at something at least 20 feet away for at least 20 seconds. This simple practice allows the eye muscles to relax and reduces the risk of strain. Moreover, looking at distant objects can help increase blink rate and reduce dryness in the eyes.
Differentiating Eye Strain from Dry Eye Syndrome
Dry eye syndrome is another condition that can be misattributed to eye strain, leading to confusion among users. Dry eye syndrome is primarily caused by decreased blinking rates due to prolonged screen use. Blinking is a natural process that is triggered by changing the direction of gaze. Screens, however, reduce this natural movement, leading to reduced blinking and consequently dryness on the eye’s surface.
Before the advent of computers, there were no specific medical conditions associated with dry eyes. The condition was a 'new' medical condition brought about by the modern lifestyle and increased screen time.
Conclusion
In conclusion, while eye strain can be uncomfortable, it does not lead to permanent damage. Simple changes in behavior and regular use of techniques like the 20-20-20 rule can significantly reduce the risk of eye strain and promote eye health. By understanding the causes and taking appropriate measures, we can better manage this common issue and continue our digital activities comfortably.